
Area: total: 338,145 sq km
land: 304,473 sq km
water: 33,672 sq km
Climate: cold temperate potentially subarctic but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes
Terrain: mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low hills
Natural resources: timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold, silver, limestone
Population: 5,244,749 [July 2008 est.]
Age structure: 0-14 years: 16.6% [male 443,738/female 427,875]
15-64 years: 66.8% [male 1,773,232/female 1,731,808]
65 years and over: 16.6% [male 349,826/female 518,270] [2008 est.]
Nationality: noun: Finn[s]
adjective: Finnish
Ethnic groups: Finn 93.4%, Swede 5.6%, Russian 0.5%, Estonian 0.3%, Roma [Gypsy] 0.1%, Sami 0.1% [2006]
Languages: Finnish 91.5% [official], Swedish 5.5% [official], other 3% [small Sami- and Russian-speaking minorities] [2006]
Capital: name: Helsinki
geographic coordinates: 60 10 N, 24 56 E
time difference: UTC+2 [7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time]
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March ends last Sunday in October
National holiday: Independence Day, 6 December [1917]
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 2.6%
industry: 31.9%
services: 65.6% [2007 est.]
Labor force: 2.675 million [2007 est.]
Budget: revenues: $62.02 billion
expenditures: $58.16 billion [2007]
Agriculture - products: barley, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes dairy cattle fish
Industries: metals and metal products, electronics, machinery and scientific instruments, shipbuilding, pulp and paper, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing
Exports: $104.9 billion f.o.b. [2007]
Exports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals timber, paper, pulp
Exports - partners: Germany 11.3%, Sweden 10.5%, Russia 10.1%, UK 6.5%, US 6.5%, Netherlands 5.1% [2006]
Imports: $81.54 billion f.o.b. [2007]
Imports - commodities: foodstuffs, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, transport equipment, iron and steel, machinery, textile yarn and fabrics, grains
Imports - partners: Germany 15.6%, Russia 14%, Sweden 13.7%, Netherlands 6.6%, China 5.4%, UK 4.7%, Denmark 4.5% [2006]
Currency (code): euro [EUR]
Exchange rates: euros per US dollar - 0.7345 [2007], 0.7964 [2006], 0.8041 [2005], 0.8054 [2004], 0.886 [2003]
Airports: 148 [2007]
Railways: total: 5,741 km
broad gauge: 5,741 km 1.524-m gauge [2,619 km electrified] [2006]
Merchant marine: total: 92 ships [1000 GRT or over] 1,362,014 GRT/1,002,280 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 3, cargo 26, chemical tanker 6, container 3, passenger 5, passenger/cargo 20, petroleum tanker 4, roll on/roll off 23, vehicle carrier 2
foreign-owned: 5 [Germany 2, Norway 1, Sweden 2]
registered in other countries: 43 [Bahamas 8, Germany 4, Gibraltar 3, Marshall Islands 2, Netherlands 14, Norway 1, Sweden 10, UK 1] [2007]
Ports and terminals: Hamina, Helsinki, Kokkola, Kotka, Naantali, Pori, Raahe, Rauma, Turku